![]() ![]() HIV transmission through these exposure routes is technically possible but extremely unlikely and not well documented.Heterosexual transmission of HIV: variability of infectivity throughout the course of infection. Leynaert B, Downs AM, de Vincenzi I European Study Group on Heterosexual Transmission of HIV.Comparison of female to male and male to female transmission of HIV in 563 stable couples. European Study Group on Heterosexual Transmission of HIV.Reducing the risk of sexual HIV transmission: quantifying the per-act risk for HIV on the basis of choice of partner, sex act, and condom use. ![]() Varghese B, Maher JE, Peterman TA, Branson BM, Steketee RW.Occupational risk of human immunodeficiency virus infection in healthcare workers: an overview. A model-based estimate of HIV infectivity via needle sharing. Infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) among recipients of antibody-positive blood donations. Donegan E, Stuart M, Niland JC, et al.Factors that increase the risk of HIV transmission include sexually transmitted infections, early and late-stage HIV infection, and a high level of HIV in the blood.įactors that reduce the risk of HIV transmission include condom use, male circumcision, and use of antiretrovirals. ![]()
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